The course deals with detailed analysis showing the basis upon which prices of bills of quantities items are compiled. The quantities, the economic consideration in unit rates including mechanical plant, labour, materials; sources of prices data; application of the principles to selected items in bills of quantities. Estimating for trade items, analysis and synthesis of prorate items, estimating for preliminaries; estimating for more complex building and contractual situations; estimating for sub-contractors’ work and service installations, case studies of typical estimating operations of projects; seminars on estimating.