This Course covers the teaching of infective and noninfective retinopathies with emphasis on hypertensive /diabetic retinopathy. Macular disorders, Vitreaus Detachment and degeneration are also taught. Ophthalmoscopy and fluorescien angiography are taught The various retinal/ arterial venous diseases are also covered in this course. Retinal detachment, laser therapy are extensively covered. The management of the various conditions taught is covered.