Waste Management

Introduction to the concept of waste management. Definition of terms.Classification of wastes: By physical state, by origin. Type and characteristics of wastes. Municipal solid wastes and their management: Landfills, Sanitary landfill, Incineration plants, Industrial/hazardous wastes, Biomedical/Hospital wastes. Collection systems. Waste disposal methods and sites and impact assessment. Solid waste management: Segregation, Recycling and the recycling process, Agricultural wastes: Livestock wastes, Fertilizers, Pesticides. Introduction to waste treatment processes and return of treated wastes to the environment.  Management of livestock manure, Composting: Definition of terms in composting, the composting procedure. Liquid wastes: Fundamentals of waste water treatment processes. Sewerage and waste water treatment. Other forms of wastes: Liquid manure, Petroleum products as wastes, Gaseous wastes, nuclear wastes. Ecological sanitation (ECOSAN): Definition of terms,   Advantages of ECOSAN, Disadvantages of ECOSAN, Construction of ECOSAN, Operation and maintenance of ECOSAN. Climate change: Definition of terms. Opportunities for mitigating and adapting to climate change.