Introduction: Definitions and essential soil fertility terminologies; SI units; Relationships between soil fertility and productivity; plant nutrients and their functions; Factors fundamental to nutrient availability; Translation of soil and plant analytical results into field applications and farmer recommendations; Computation of top soil mass per hectare and its use in field soil fertility recommendations; Cation and anion phenomena and their importance in nutrient and exchange; Uganda’s soil clay mineralogy and effect on nutrient availability and management;